Estonian Sign Language Research 1985–2024: A Systematic Literature Review of Methods, Data, and Research Practices
Temas
Detalles
This study presents the first systematic literature review of research on Estonian Sign Language (EVK) published between 1985 and 2024. Using Okoli's eight-step systematic literature review (SLR) model, we identified and screened 52 sources. Nineteen were excluded on the basis of predefined criteria, leaving 33 studies for analysis. We examined how data-collection methods, annotation practices, and analytical frameworks have shaped the development of EVK linguistics. The findings reveal a gradual shift from descriptive documentation toward more empirical and methodologically reflective research. Most studies rely on elicited rather than naturalistic data, use non-standardized transcription in Word or Excel until 2006, and adopt analytical frameworks rooted in the linguistic traditions of the 1960s–2000s. Among the 33 studies, some were conducted by researchers without formal training in linguistics or with limited proficiency in Estonian Sign Language. Only a small number of studies implemented ELAN annotation or participatory practices involving Deaf collaborators or heritage signers. The review highlights significant progress in methodological awareness but underscores persistent gaps in the Estonian Sign Language research landscape, linguistic infrastructure and involvement of Deaf researchers. By tracing EVK research across historical phases, the review identifies priorities for a national, ethically grounded and corpus-based research agenda. Such an agenda would align EVK studies with international standards, enhance data transparency and reproducibility, and support the sustainable development of Estonian Sign Language research, education, and language planning and policy.