Dumb O Jemmy and Others: Deaf People, Interpreters, and the London Courts in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
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Much of the literature on British Sign Language (BSL)/English interpreters in the United Kingdom suggests that the use of the term “interpreter” arose only in the late twentieth century and that, before this time, hearing children of Deaf parents, other family members, missionaries, religious workers, and (recently) social workers undertook this role in legal and other settings (Brennan and Brown 1997; Scott-Gibson 1991). In a report of a study of communication support for deaf job seekers, Allsop, Reilly, and Kyle (2005) quote a Deaf respondent: “I got my job from the missioner—the old-fashioned system to help Deaf people....But now interpreters—it is too much for me and interpreters have to make me say something but I don’t know what to say”.