Deaf-Safe AI: a legal foundation for ubiquitous automatic interpreting
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Deaf Culture draws upon lifetimes of experience with technology-assisted communication. This report summarizes critical considerations from the deaf perspective regarding the advent of automated interpreting by artificial intelligence (AIxAI). Sign language-using Deaf people compose Deaf Culture, a large, intersectionally-diverse group of individuals with shared experiences, traditions, and linguistic traits. Deaf Culture encompasses a heterogeneous community that regularly participates in interpreted interactions. In the 1960s and '70s, members of the Deaf community in the United States successfully lobbied the federal government to establish legal requirements for professional sign language interpreting. This led to the recognition of sign language interpreters as professionals and the creation of the largest association of (generally) well-paid interpreters in the world. The Deaf perspective on the emergence of automatic interpreting is invaluable. It is based on decades of critique and feedback amassed over the past decades about what works well, and what fails, with regard to fairness and ethics during interpreted interaction.